B031650 - Technical drawing for Textile and Fashion

Italian

The class deals with the main issues for technical design for textiles and fashion, providing the theoretical foundations and tools for practical application aimed at understanding and developing the graphic skills necessary in the professional field.

Essential literature:
Bertocci, S. (2021). Manuale di rappresentazione per il design. Firenze: Didapress.

Recommended literature:
Kuky Drudi, E., Paci, T. (2022). La figura nella moda. Milano: Ikon.
Falcinelli, R. (2020). Figure. Come funzionano le immagini dal Rinascimento a Instagram. Torino Einaudi.
Falcinelli, R. (2017). Cromorama. Come il colore ha cambiato il nostro sguardo. Torino: Einaudi.

The main objective of the Module is to train students in the conscious use of analog and digital graphic techniques for the representation of their ideas and projects, necessary to undertake a correct training course within the degree course and to develop necessary knowledge and technical and critical-cultural tools essential for a future entry into the profession. In particular, students will have to acquire:
- The basic skills to face with the subsequent university course;
- The technical-cultural tools for the elaboration and graphic communication of the textile and fashion design project;
- The foundations of modern representation techniques, aimed at achieving full control of graphic and scientific tools;
- The technical skills to exercise control over the quality of the work performed also by third parties.

The class provides a series of activities which will consist of:
• Theoretical lessons: in which the technical-theoretical aspects concerning the discipline of technical design for textiles and fashion will be presented.
• Practical exercises: they involve the creation of papers, paginated in A3 format tables, which will follow the articulation of the lessons, to be carried out during the classes and to be revised and delivered during the exam.
The teaching material presented during the face-to-face lessons will be made available in the class group through the Moodle platform, to which each student must register in order to carry out the deliveries foreseen by the exercises.

During the class, visits to museums or companies that deal with textile and fashion design may be carried out and professionals or external experts may be invited to explore issues related to the professional aspects of representation.

To access the exam it is necessary to document the knowledge of the theoretical and practical contents of the drawing discipline, through the execution of specific exercises and the drafting of a book of 15 tables and a sketchbook with 100 drawings, according to the methods agreed in class, to be submitted before the exam date expires.

The class is structured through theoretical lessons and activities aimed at acquiring the skills for the development of technical graphics. The topics listed below are to be considered modules of approximately three-four hours each.

1. Class introduction: Presentation of the class structure, tools, necessary material and exam methods.
Practice: classroom exercise on drawing an object, aimed at understanding the general starting level of the students.
2. Perception and drawing: Introduction to freehand drawing, to the foundations of perception and Gestalt theory.
3. Introduction to geometric design: geometry and representation systems.
Practice: Orthogonal Projections (PO) of simple figures: cube, sphere, cylinder, cone, pyramid, prism. Development of developable (by pattern) and non-developable (by texture) solid figures. Development of the three-dimensional paper model of simple geometric figures.
4. Geometric representation: Axonometric Projections (PA) of simple two-dimensional and three-dimensional figures. Theory of shadows: own shadows and shadows carried in Po and PA.
Practice: axonometric projections of simple figures with the application of the theory of shadows.
5. Color theory: basic principles and evolution of color theory, color calculation methods (RGB; CMYK), color perception.
6. Fabric design 1: basic principles of textile printing.
Practice: development of a pattern and an image to be applied to a fabric as a texture for printing.
7. Fabric design 2: Textile weaves, weft and warp reading of an existing fabric. Practice: developing a pattern as a warp and weft weave
8. Drawing of the figurine and the human figure: the Greek canon and the fashion canon.
Exercise: development of the sketch with real proportions and alteration of the sketch for fashion design. Development of visual references to be used as a basis for fashion design: 2 female figures and 2 male figures.
9. Drawing of the face and the anatomical details of the hands and feet.
Exercise: development of a study table on the face of a character of your choice with application of graphic techniques for color and shadow rendering.
10. Sartorial elements, frills, folds, flounces: graphic techniques for the rendering of fabrics and textile materials (pantones, watercolors and pencils).
Exercise: application of graphic techniques to fashion design.
11. Project visualization: Techniques for layout of tables, layout development, choice of font, use of digital and analogical techniques
12. Introduction to digital graphics: raster graphics. Photoshop: Basic commands for image management aimed at developing digital sketches and project moodboards.
Exercise: development of a moodboard for the design of an item of clothing and an advertising poster.
13. Pattern design and plat technical drawing: technical elements for fashion design.
Practice: technical drawing of a simple piece of clothing (skirt, t-shirt.) with scale pattern and plat drawing.
14. Introduction to digital graphics: vector graphics. Illustrator: Basic commands for vector and flat drawing and for developing patterns.
Exercise: development of a geometric pattern table and vectorial realization of the plat design.

List of exam material (A3 format):
The exam material follow the structure of the lessons, it is therefore advisable to perform them in the following order:
Table 1: orthogonal projection of a composition of (minimum 2) solids with shadow.
Table 2: axonometry of a composition of (minimum 2) solids with shadow.
N.B. the solids in the orthographic and isometric projection must be the same.
Table 3: drawing of the development of a simple solid and construction method of the paper model of the same (complete with tabs on the corners) with illustration of the model assembly phases.
Table 4: drawing of an object in isometric (or perspective) in the following ways: A) with real colours; B) color tones and grayscale; C) with opposite colors; D) with harmonic colors.
Table 5: drawing of the figure with the composition in 4 phases: movement scheme, body structure in the fashion standard, nude or with underwear in the fashion standard, complete figure with clothing in the fashion standard. Only the last figure colored as desired.
Table 6: table with a character from a series or film: photo of the character, body structure, drawn dressed as in the photo and drawn with other clothing made by the student as desired.
Table 7: detail of the face of the same character of plate 6 with three different positions and study of the anatomical details (eyes, nose, mouth ...).
Table 8: draw a colored pattern as desired, created on a geometric basis (by exploiting the theory of tessellation and/or by exploiting the axes of symmetry).
Table 9: sample 4 fabrics with ratio and weave pattern.
Table 10: design of a tartan fabric to be applied to a garment.
Table 11: technical drawing of the pattern of a basic skirt in 1:2 scale.
Table 12: create a moodboard digitally or through the collage technique that represents the concept for the development of the project of a basic skirt or other simple item of clothing.
Table 13: sketch with skirt designed as desired by the student with plat representation in 1:2 scale in vector drawing.
N.B. The designed pattern (Table 8) or the tartan fabric (Table 10) can be applied to the skirt.
Table 14: pattern of the designed skirt (Table 13) in 1:2 scale in vector design.
Table 15: advertising poster of the designed skirt or garment (Table 13).
N.B. Tables 12, 13, 14 and 15 are to be understood as a single project, it is therefore advisable to coordinate the graphic choice of colours, fonts and layout on the basis of the moodboard (Table 12).